Energy and Enzymes Review Questions

Review Items

phosphorylation

substrate-level

chemiosmotic

activation energy

active site

enzyme reactions- effect of temperature and pH

metabolic pathways

coenzymes

Review Questions

1. State the function of ATP. [answer]
2. Tell whether ATP is a carbohydrate, lipid, protein, or nucleic acid. [answer]
3. Discuss the meaning of the first law of thermodynamics. [answer]
4. Tell how enzymes affect the energy of activation of a reaction.
5. Making ATP from ADP + P_i is called __________. [answer]
6. The process of making ATP in the cytoplasm is called __________. [answer]
7. The process of making ATP in the mitochondria or chloroplast using a concentration gradient of hydrogen ions is called __________. [answer]
8. Briefly explain how enzymes work. Drawings may be helpful. [answer]
9. What is an enzyme-substrate complex? Do the enzymes bond with the substrate? [answer]
10. Explain why enzymes can be reused many times. [answer]
11. ATP is made from _______. [answer]
12. List factors that affect the rate of an enzyme reaction. [answer]
13. Define oxidation and reduction. [answer]
14. What are coenzymes? [answer]
15. Explain why an enzyme is specific for a particular substrate. [answer]
16. The energy needed to initiate a chemical reaction is called _________ energy. [answer]